For how we live.
In 69 people across normal weight, overweight and type 2 diabetes, a stevia drink behaved like water — no shift in glucose, insulin, gut hormones, appetite or how much they ate next.
In-lab trials that restricted sleep on weekdays and allowed recovery at the weekend found insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance still worsened. Population surveys point the other way, and the designs explain why.
Feeding studies find that when fructose replaces other carbohydrate at equal calories, liver fat barely moves. The liver damage tracks the extra energy, not the sugar's molecular identity.
Pooling 291 participants, researchers found time-restricted eating modestly lowered a liver enzyme and body mass index — but didn't significantly reduce liver fat itself or improve insulin resistance.
The LiverScreen project ran transient elastography across nine countries, then sent everyone who screened positive to a hepatologist. The gap between the two numbers is the interesting part.
A meta-analysis of continuous glucose monitors in people without diabetes found a real effect on blood sugar — but only in those with prediabetes. In healthy users, the evidence for a metabolic benefit was not there.
One proposes a rate-of-change benchmark from 153 non-diabetic wearers. The other put ten young adults through food, exercise and a laboratory stress test to see what actually moves the line.