For how we live.
In 216 patients with chronic patellofemoral pain across 10 Korean hospitals, an 8-week digital therapeutic beat education and exercise instruction on pain — by 12.5 mm on a 100 mm scale.
The association was strongest where the air was worst — which is the tell. A parallel US survey finds the indoor facilities are the ones vanishing from low-income neighbourhoods.
Leisure exercise reliably protects the heart. Physical activity done for a living shows mixed or even adverse associations — and some meta-analyses find higher mortality in men with the most physically demanding jobs.
The same sport that a 300,000-person Swedish cohort associated with a 40% lower death rate carries an injury incidence in professionals roughly six times that of amateurs. The difference is dose.
Across 89,573 accelerometer-monitored adults and 678 conditions, no disease showed a significant difference between activity concentrated in one or two days and activity spread through the week.
A Cochrane review found sit-stand desks reliably reduce workplace sitting, but graded the evidence low quality and could not tie it to better health. WHO backs cutting sedentary time but set no number.
A harmonised meta-analysis of more than a million people found the association between sitting time and death disappeared in the most active quarter. In the least active, it did not disappear at all.
Observational studies tie fitness to slower cognitive decline. When researchers randomise older adults to exercise, the cognitive payoff shrinks — in a Cochrane review of healthy people, to nothing.
A dose-response meta-analysis of 94 cohorts and more than 30 million people found the steepest part of the curve sits between zero and the recommended weekly dose, with small and uncertain gains above double it.
A 2025 meta-analysis of 57 studies found the mortality curve bending at about 7,000 steps a day. The 10,000 figure traces to the trade name of a Japanese step counter sold in 1965.
Three cohorts, 147,374 people, 30 years and 35,798 deaths. The dose-response curve flattened above 120 minutes per week, and the cancer signal appeared at the low end, not the high end.
Using genetic variants as instruments, researchers found exercise and wellbeing lowered risk of PCOS, endometriosis and menstrual disorders, while screen time and mood swings raised it.
A UK Biobank analysis finds high step counts do not offset short sleep. A US cohort finds one-minute bursts matter. And in older adults, most step-count differences vanish after adjusting for age and sex.
A December survey found getting stronger is the leading 2026 health goal. The best meta-analysis of muscle-strengthening and mortality finds a benefit that plateaus at around 30 to 60 minutes a week.
Nearly a million conscripts followed for three decades: obesity carried a 3.1-fold hazard for sepsis, and high cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with a 42% lower risk of dying from bacterial infection.
Half a million Ontario users held a small average gain over 24 months. The least active gained nearly 2,000 steps a day — and the most active lost almost 4,000.
Twenty untrained women cycled at four fixed workloads wearing four popular low-cost bands, checked against indirect calorimetry. Every device drifted further from the truth as effort rose.
A Spanish trial in 4,746 adults compared an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet plus exercise against the same diet eaten freely. Over six years the absolute gap was 12.0% versus 9.5%.
A meta-analysis of pedometer, tracker and smartwatch interventions lasting 12 to 48 weeks found no significant change in systolic or diastolic pressure — nor in weight, glucose or HbA1c.