For how we live.
A population-linked Australian cohort followed children to school entry after antenatal metformin. The adjusted relative risk of developmental vulnerability was 0.97 — no different from unexposed children.
A widely cited cohort found people with diabetes on metformin outlived matched non-diabetic controls. It fuelled the TAME anti-ageing trial — but the human signal is observational, and TAME is not running.
Prediabetes is a high-risk state, not a diagnosis of diabetes. In the trial that defined the field, lifestyle change cut progression by 58 percent — and returning to normal glucose carried a benefit of its own.
An individual-participant meta-analysis found metformin given in pregnancy did not lower the odds of gestational diabetes, though it modestly lengthened gestation and reduced preterm birth.
Twenty-one years of cancer follow-up, multimorbidity data to 2021, and a randomised trial in frail older adults. In each, metformin did not beat placebo. Lifestyle change did.
Pooling 2,906 participants, researchers ranked how antidiabetic drugs affect fat versus lean body mass. Exercise blunted liraglutide's muscle loss; metformin, insulin, and DPP4 inhibitors barely moved either measure.
After 12 months, HbA1c was 6.5% among people managed by community health workers versus 7.1% among those referred to clinics. With 103 participants analysed, the confidence interval crosses zero.
ACHIEVE-3 randomised 1,698 people to orforglipron or oral semaglutide for 52 weeks. Orforglipron cut HbA1c more at every dose comparison — and produced more side effects and more dropouts.
A 444,000-patient records study found a two-thirds lower rate of endometrial cancer when GLP-1 receptor agonists were added to progestin therapy. The two groups differed by eight years in average age.
SURPASS-CN-INS randomised 257 adults at 26 Chinese hospitals. The 10 mg and 15 mg doses performed almost identically against placebo, and diarrhoea affected roughly a third of those on the higher doses.