Microplastics and health: what the evidence actually supports
Exposure is real and universal. One human study links plastics in artery plaque to worse outcomes. No causal harm is established, and the measurements are still maturing.
Why microplastics studies are hard to trust: the methods problem
When researchers screened 101 human studies against basic quality criteria, none met all of them. The field's core difficulty is telling real particles from contamination.
Microplastics, the gut and the immune system: the evidence gap
Animal studies show plastic particles disturbing the gut and triggering inflammation. Human evidence is mostly detection, with cause and effect still unresolved.
Microplastics in salt, seafood and tea bags: do the doses matter?
Particles turn up across the food supply, and plastic tea bags shed billions per cup. The counts are real; whether these amounts affect health is unestablished.
Bottled versus tap water and the nanoplastic count
A 2024 imaging method found roughly a quarter-million plastic particles per litre of bottled water, most of them nanoplastics — far more than older counts, and mostly unstudied.
Does heating food in plastic matter? What the release data show
Microwaving food in some plastic containers releases far more particles than cold storage. What that means for health is still an open question of dose.
Plastics in blood, placenta and brain: what detection proves
Studies have found plastic particles in human blood, placenta and brain tissue. Detecting a particle establishes exposure — not that it is doing harm.
Microplastics in artery plaque: what the 2024 NEJM study found
Patients whose carotid plaque contained plastics had a higher rate of heart attack, stroke or death. It is an association in 257 people, not proof of cause.
Where the 'credit card of plastic a week' figure comes from
Five grams a week is the top of a wide range in one 2020 analysis. A mechanistic model put the mass humans actually ingest at micrograms, not grams.