For how we live.
An analysis of 50 top-selling 'T booster' products found only 24.8% contained an ingredient with data showing it raises testosterone — and 10.1% contained something shown to lower it. Two herbs are partial exceptions.
Urinary infections in men were long treated as automatically complicated. A randomised trial found seven days of antibiotics non-inferior to fourteen, and guidelines say not to treat urine that causes no symptoms.
Men who carry a BRCA2 mutation develop prostate cancer earlier and in more aggressive forms. Trial evidence now supports offering them PSA screening from 40; the case for BRCA1 carriers is weaker.
No. A controlled study found orgasm did not change testosterone, and in two large cohorts more frequent ejaculation tracked with slightly lower — not higher — prostate cancer risk.
Obesity and metabolic syndrome push men's testosterone down. One large trial shows testosterone can cut new diabetes modestly, but the effect is smaller than weight loss and comes with safety trade-offs.
Gout affects about one in twenty American men, driven by high uric acid. Guidelines and randomised trials back long-term urate-lowering to a target below 6 mg/dL, yet only a third of patients receive it.
The TRAVERSE trial cleared its cardiovascular safety in 5,246 high-risk men; the Testosterone Trials found a real but moderate sexual-function benefit. Guidelines reserve it for genuine, twice-confirmed deficiency.
Creatine is not a testosterone booster — the trials show it leaves testosterone unchanged. The baldness scare traces to a single 20-man study that found a rise in DHT, a result no one has replicated in 15 years.
A network meta-analysis of 118 trials and 31,195 men found every oral PDE5 inhibitor beat placebo, with tadalafil ranked most effective. Guidelines make the tablets, after a health check, the first-line choice.
US mortality is roughly two-fold higher in Black men, but when care and treatment are equal — in the military health system and in trials — the stage-for-stage survival gap largely disappears.
A fear that shaped urology for decades held that raising testosterone feeds prostate cancer. Randomised trials and a large 2024 safety analysis find no such rise in screened men.
It anchors every male-infertility evaluation, but its reference numbers come from a few thousand fertile men — and a normal result never rules fertility in or out.
In the ProtecT trial's patient-reported data, surgery hit urinary control and erections hardest and radiotherapy the bowel, while monitoring let function fade slowly. Cancer deaths were the same.
European screening cut prostate-cancer deaths by 21% at 13 years, at the cost of overdiagnosis; a UK trial of a single test found no mortality benefit. US guidance now makes it a personal choice for men 55 to 69.
A landmark trial found men could safely delay repair of a minimally symptomatic groin hernia. Over the following decade, though, most crossed over to an operation as symptoms grew.
The bestselling herbal for an enlarged prostate flopped in the trials: even at triple the usual dose it beat placebo by nothing. The hair-loss claim rests on a handful of small, weak studies rather than proof.
It is a surgical emergency in which a twisted cord cuts off the testicle's blood supply. Salvage rates fall from over 90% inside six hours to single digits after two days, so speed to surgery is the whole game.
A study of 3,932 athletes found cyclists had no worse erectile or urinary function than swimmers and runners. But heavy saddle time is tied to genital numbness, and men logging 5+ hours a week showed lower sperm counts.
Nocturia is usually blamed on the prostate, but the commonest driver is the kidneys making too much urine overnight. In one trial, low-dose desmopressin trimmed nightly voids and bought about 40 extra minutes of sleep.
About 1 in 100,000 men in wealthy countries develop it, and roughly half of cases carry HPV. Absent childhood circumcision, phimosis and smoking raise risk; early spread to the groin drives outcomes.
A meta-analysis of 11 trials put the change in a healthy man's resting testosterone from training at zero. Endurance work can lower it; losing body fat is the lever that reliably raises it.
US national survey data put lifetime binge eating disorder at 2 percent of men and anorexia at 0.3 percent. Men are underdiagnosed, and the male-specific presentation often hides as gym dedication.
One week of five-hour nights cut young men's daytime testosterone by 10–15% in a controlled study. Yet CPAP for sleep apnoea leaves the hormone unmoved, pointing back at body weight.
Testosterone raises desire mostly in men whose levels are genuinely low, and the effect is modest. In the largest trial, the size of the hormone rise, not a threshold, tracked with benefit.
A Cochrane review of 48 trials found treatment may lift pregnancy rates from about 21% to 22–48%, but couldn't confirm a live-birth benefit. Microsurgery had the fewest recurrences.
Low testosterone is a symptom, not a diagnosis. It splits into testicular and pituitary causes — and Klinefelter syndrome, the commonest genetic cause, is found in only about a quarter of the men who have it.
A daily testosterone-and-progestin gel is in a 52-week efficacy trial in 462 couples. A non-hormonal pill cleared its first safety study in 16 men. Neither is approved.
Modern techniques fail less than 1% of the time. The best meta-analysis found no link to aggressive or fatal prostate cancer; a 2-million-man registry still sees a small excess, most likely from extra testing.
Exogenous testosterone switches off the body's own signals to the testes. In a male-contraceptive trial, 95.9 per 100 men fell to near-zero sperm counts. The effect is usually, but not always, reversible.
One drug, dapoxetine, is purpose-approved for it, and not in the US. An umbrella review of 65 trials found the SSRIs and anaesthetics that lengthen latency rest on weak evidence.
Men are under 1% of breast-cancer cases, but they present older and at higher stage, and survival has improved more slowly than in women. Care is largely borrowed from female breast cancer.
For the pelvic-pain syndrome that affects many men, Cochrane reviews find alpha-blockers, antibiotics and anti-inflammatories each help only a little. Acupuncture and shockwave therapy have the firmer support.
In the 500-man PRECISION trial, MRI-guided biopsy detected clinically significant cancer in 38% of men versus 26% with the old blind biopsy — and spared 28% a biopsy altogether.
The only FDA-approved drug for the penile-curvature disorder straightens the average man's bend only modestly more than placebo. Surgery is more definitive, and most oral remedies are unsupported.
Men break fewer bones than women but die more often after a hip fracture. No major body recommends screening every man, and the US task force says the evidence is simply not there yet.
One ultrasound scan for abdominal aortic aneurysm cuts AAA-related deaths in older men who ever smoked — but not all-cause mortality. The evidence is almost entirely about men, which is why the recommendation is too.
Men die by suicide two to four times as often as women in most countries. The reasons implicate lower help-seeking and masculine norms — and the interventions tested so far have not been shown to reduce it.
Alpha-blockers ease symptoms within weeks; 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors shrink the gland over months. In a 3,047-man trial, combining them cut progression risk by 66%. Newer office procedures spare sexual function.
US men die at higher rates than women at almost every age. In younger men the gap is driven by injuries, overdose and suicide; in older men by heart disease — with delayed help-seeking a recurring thread.
Enlarged male breast gland tissue is common and usually benign. In a study of 19,640 young males, about three-quarters of cases were idiopathic and only 3.4% were linked to underlying disease.
A subculture built on ranking faces sits directly on top of a recognised, treatable mental illness. The distress, not the jawline, is the part the evidence says to take seriously.
It is the most common cancer in young men and incidence keeps climbing, but deaths are a small fraction of cases — and major guidelines advise against routine screening or self-exam in men without symptoms.
The word covers everything from sunscreen to self-surgery. The low-risk end has real evidence behind it; the invasive end is where the harm sits, and the whole subculture carries a mental-health cost.
The claim that striking your face remodels the bone into a stronger jaw has no mechanism and no evidence. Blunt force to the facial skeleton is how oral surgeons see fractures and nerve damage arrive.
The training and creatine at its core rest on strong evidence. The supplement stack around them mostly doesn't — and the SARMs some users add are frequently not even the drug on the label.
Looksmaxxing assumes a measurable ideal face that also signals health. The research on symmetry, averageness and 'good genes' is far more mixed than the forums, or the filters, let on.
Young men are chasing higher testosterone with 'natural boosters' and direct-to-consumer TRT. The supplements are largely unproven; unnecessary therapy carries real costs to fertility.
Young men are starting hair-loss drugs early and stacking them with dermarolling and oral minoxidil. Two drugs have decades of evidence; the trend's framing runs ahead of it.
An umbrella review of the meta-analyses puts the association at RR 1.45. The AUA's guideline treats ED as a risk marker, and classes shockwave, stem cell and PRP therapy as investigational.
Five-fraction SBRT improved several quality-of-life measures but was not superior to longer IMRT for prostate cancer. Three-year disease-free survival was 88.6% with SBRT and 92.1% with IMRT.
Researchers searched in four languages across three engines. One in ten clinics said it would prescribe testosterone to men with normal levels; one in five claimed it cuts cardiovascular risk.
The randomised evidence in older men found a moderate effect on sexual function and none on vitality or walking. A 5,246-man safety trial cleared it on heart attacks and found more fractures.
Two datasets report an age-independent fall in men's testosterone across birth cohorts. A separate study of nine thousand men found much of the variation between cohorts came from the tests themselves.