For how we live.
In 460 infants, a polio vaccine made from weakened Sabin strains produced type 2 immunity on a par with the conventional Salk vaccine — a result that matters for a supply chain the world is trying to make safer.
Two doses of an MF59-adjuvanted, cell-based H5N8 vaccine raised antibodies in most of 239 adults, including those over 65. It is a pandemic-preparedness candidate, not evidence that it prevents disease.
A phase 4 trial in 400 Indian adults compared a 1-week intradermal post-exposure schedule with the month-long one. Antibody levels fell short of the equivalence margin, though everyone reached the protective threshold.
In 240 adolescents primed with the Pfizer vaccine, a protein-based, non-mRNA booster called PHH-1V produced antibody levels no lower than in young adults, with mostly mild side effects, an early-phase study found.
A Markov model of one U.S. birth cohort projects 255 chronic hepatitis B infections under universal birth-dose vaccination, rising 19% if the dose is deferred and 83% under shared decision-making (modelled).
A case-control study of young children during a statewide whooping-cough outbreak found three or more DTaP doses cut the odds of pertussis by more than 25-fold against unvaccinated peers.
In a 180-infant phase 1/2 trial, a live-attenuated intranasal RSV vaccine raised neutralising antibodies in two-thirds or more of RSV-naive babies but barely budged those already exposed. Sanofi funded the study.
A register-based study spanning 181,999 infants and four RSV seasons found acute otitis media dropped 44% and RSV detections 83% in infants under 12 months after a nirsevimab immunisation programme began.
In a Canadian cohort of 228 women with HIV, antibody titres matched those of women without HIV and cervical precancer was not recorded — but protection tracked with viral suppression.
National surveillance recorded 60,826 cases in Japan by July 2025 — about 15 times the previous year's 4054 — concentrated in school-age children, while four other countries had already peaked and declined.
A peer-reviewed national analysis puts a figure on this spring's resurgence: 8,834 laboratory-confirmed cases, more than 70% of patients hospitalised, and incidence highest in Dhaka division.
In a 366-child phase 2b trial, the live attenuated nasal vaccine BPZE1 raised the mucosal antibody current shots miss, and did not blunt a co-given Tdap. The maker funded the study.
A test-negative study across seven paediatric hospitals in Ontario and Quebec, run after a publicly funded rollout, estimated 78% effectiveness against laboratory-confirmed RSV and 97% against intensive-care admission.
A phase 1 trial in 288 Chinese children found the experimental injectable vaccine well tolerated and able to raise antibodies. It measured immune response, not whether it prevents disease.
There is still no licensed Lyme vaccine. In a phase 2 trial of VLA15, a second yearly booster revived antibody levels against all six OspA serotypes, with more sore arms but no new safety signals.
In 643 Indian infants, an adjuvanted dose-sparing IPV with about a quarter of the antigen was non-inferior to standard IPV across all three poliovirus types — a possible answer to supply strain.
A mixed-methods survey of urban households challenges the assumption that city children are the reached ones, and points to antenatal care and a mother's autonomy as the levers that decide.
Two WHO-endorsed shots are now available, but a new analysis argues the harder problem is financing them in the lowest-income, highest-burden countries. Nigerian rollout data shows demand outpacing readiness.
Measles incidence edged up and rubella more than doubled across 22 countries in 2023–2024, with outbreaks in Yemen, Iraq and Afghanistan driving the trend as second-dose coverage stalled.
It does not. In a Danish cohort of 657,461 children, vaccinated children had a fully adjusted autism hazard ratio of 0.93; a meta-analysis of 1,256,407 children found no link with MMR, thimerosal or mercury.
A study of 46 pathogens attributes about 66,400 child deaths in 2023 to Streptococcus pneumoniae across G20 countries, with the heaviest load falling on India, South Africa and Indonesia.
From January 2026 children in England are offered varicella vaccine as MMRV at 12 and 18 months. Pooled trial data put one dose near 81% effective against any chickenpox and 98% against severe disease.
Two randomised UK trials tested giving the vaccines together. Systemic reactions stayed mostly mild and immune responses held up, though one trial saw more sore arms and a dip in COVID antibodies with co-administration.
As RTS,S reached more than 2 million children in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi, a WHO-coordinated pilot trained about 6,000 health workers to detect and report side-effects that most rollouts assume can already be caught.
By 2023, 22% of children in Mali and 16% in Chad had received no routine vaccine at all, an analysis of WHO figures found, with measles coverage stuck below 90% across most of the belt.
A meta-analysis of 56 trials and 134,424 children finds RTS,S and R21 cut clinical malaria by about a third overall, with efficacy strongest alongside seasonal chemoprevention and waning after 36 months.
A Global Burden of Disease 2021 analysis of 5-to-9-year-olds finds falling disability rates worldwide, yet projects that South and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa will still carry the heaviest load.
The Vaccine Integrity Project, formed in 2025 amid disruptions to the CDC's immunisation advisory committee, sets out its process for reviewing 2026–2027 respiratory-season vaccines.
JAMA published paired systematic reviews for the coming respiratory season. Both found vaccines reduced hospitalisation across age groups, with no new safety signals, though protection wanes over time.
Across 166,390 tests during Brazil's outbreak, two TAK-003 doses were 73% effective against symptomatic dengue and 88% against hospitalisation, with no sign of waning.
Pooling the trials, one- and two-dose HPV schedules produced lower antibody titres than three doses but still cut persistent infection — with the usual caveat about surrogate endpoints.
The SMART trial tested clesrovimab against palivizumab in premature and heart- and lung-affected infants. It was built to show safety, not to prove one prevents more RSV than the other.
Nine genetically linked virus isolates from seven environmental sites triggered the declaration. Sequencing traced the lineage back to a paralysis case reported in December 2024.