For how we live.
A CMS and CDC proposed rule would codify pandemic-era remote review of digital lab data, allow digital images in gynaecologic cytology proficiency testing, and ease 2024 staffing rules. Comments close 7 December.
A randomised trial enrolled 3,259 underserved people referred for lung cancer screening. Adding free medication to standard advice did not raise quit rates; adding financial incentives roughly doubled them — to 8.8%.
Computer-aided detection lifts polyp pickup in ordinary screening. In 757 patients having surveillance for an inherited cancer syndrome, a randomised trial could not show the same gain.
In a 200-patient prospective validation, a DNA-methylation assay reached an AUC of 0.91 and, by one analysis, could have averted about 55% of unnecessary biopsies without missing significant cancers.
A deep-learning model reads the pancreas on non-contrast CT taken for other reasons. It reached very high accuracy in large tests — none of them a prospective screening trial.
In the publicly funded EPoS II trial, waiting five years before the next colonoscopy was no worse than the recommended three at an interim look, with near-identical cancer rates. Ten-year data are still to come.
For the HPV tests now used in primary screening, a self-collected vaginal sample is about as accurate as one a clinician takes — and mailing kits to under-screened women roughly doubles uptake.
In the 142,250-person NHS-Galleri trial, three rounds of screening did not reduce stage III or IV cancers versus usual care. A fall in stage IV cancers alone leaves the case unproven.
Men who carry a BRCA2 mutation develop prostate cancer earlier and in more aggressive forms. Trial evidence now supports offering them PSA screening from 40; the case for BRCA1 carriers is weaker.
There is no reliable screening test, so symptoms matter. Bloating, feeling full quickly, pelvic pain and urinary urgency — new, frequent and persistent — are the cluster a 2007 study built into a symptom index.
US mortality is roughly two-fold higher in Black men, but when care and treatment are equal — in the military health system and in trials — the stage-for-stage survival gap largely disappears.
The Women's Preventive Services Initiative now endorses patient-collected HPV tests for average-risk women aged 30 to 65. HRSA has adopted the update for no-cost insurance coverage from 2027.
A fear that shaped urology for decades held that raising testosterone feeds prostate cancer. Randomised trials and a large 2024 safety analysis find no such rise in screened men.
European screening cut prostate-cancer deaths by 21% at 13 years, at the cost of overdiagnosis; a UK trial of a single test found no mortality benefit. US guidance now makes it a personal choice for men 55 to 69.
Commercial full-body scans promise early detection to people with no symptoms. The data show they find something to chase in nearly half, and cancer in about one in a hundred.
EPoS II randomised 10,799 people with high-risk adenomas to a first surveillance colonoscopy at five years or three. At an interim analysis the colorectal-cancer rates were near-identical.
About 1 in 100,000 men in wealthy countries develop it, and roughly half of cases carry HPV. Absent childhood circumcision, phimosis and smoking raise risk; early spread to the groin drives outcomes.
Inviting people to a single colonoscopy cut 10-year colorectal cancer risk from 1.20% to 0.98%. The reduction in cancer deaths did not reach significance — and only 42% of those invited turned up.
Two 2026 studies posted high accuracy for AI reading Pap-smear cells and colposcopy images in settings short of pathologists. Both were validated internally, which is where such numbers usually shrink.
Modern techniques fail less than 1% of the time. The best meta-analysis found no link to aggressive or fatal prostate cancer; a 2-million-man registry still sees a small excess, most likely from extra testing.
Men are under 1% of breast-cancer cases, but they present older and at higher stage, and survival has improved more slowly than in women. Care is largely borrowed from female breast cancer.
In the 500-man PRECISION trial, MRI-guided biopsy detected clinically significant cancer in 38% of men versus 26% with the old blind biopsy — and spared 28% a biopsy altogether.
New guidelines set how the program, launched in July 2025, screens people aged 50 to 70 with a 30 pack-year smoking history using two-yearly low-dose CT scans.
The federal program enrols nearly 140,000 responders and survivors, most certified for a 9/11-related illness. Cohort data show a heavy, still-growing burden — and hint the program itself lowers mortality.
Registries show a real but narrow signal: a few cancers, led by prostate and thyroid, run high in 9/11 responders, while overall cancer incidence sits at or below the rate expected.
New at-home molecular tests catch most established colorectal cancers, but find only 13–43% of the advanced precancerous polyps a colonoscopy is meant to remove before they become cancer.
The first randomised trial to report interval cancers found AI non-inferior to double reading, with higher sensitivity at equal specificity. Across three European programmes the extra detection is about one per 1000.
A Polish study found endoscopists' unaided polyp-detection fell after AI arrived. A Norwegian trial that tracked doctors before, during and after AI use found no such deskilling.
It is the most common cancer in young men and incidence keeps climbing, but deaths are a small fraction of cases — and major guidelines advise against routine screening or self-exam in men without symptoms.
A, B, C, D and I are not school marks. They encode how strong the evidence is, whether to screen at all — and in the US, whether insurance has to pay for it.
A meta-analysis of 155 studies puts photo-based skin diagnosis close to a face-to-face visit for common conditions. For skin cancer the agreement is lower, and hinges on dermoscopy.
A Danish stepped-wedge trial gave endoscopists automated feedback on their technique after every procedure. Adenoma detection rose from 43.4% to 48.6% — a different tool from real-time polyp AI.
Galleri-type tests can flag a cancer signal from a tube of blood and often guess its origin. But they miss most early-stage cancers, and no trial has yet shown they help people live longer.
A stool test at home and a colonoscopy are both recommended options with different trade-offs. The starting age fell to 45 because the disease is rising in younger adults.
US guidelines now let women aged 30 to 65 screen every five years with an HPV test. One major body would make that the primary test from age 25 — and self-collected samples work about as well.
Dense tissue raises breast-cancer risk and hides cancers on a mammogram. US facilities must now tell patients — but the evidence on what to do next is a real trade-off: more cancers found, more false alarms.
A 200,000-woman trial found that screening caught more early-stage disease. It did not save lives — a result that explains why guidelines recommend against screening the general population.
Smoking is the leading modifiable cause, and the most common presenting sign is blood in the urine. There is no recommended screening test, which makes that sign the thing to act on.
The disease is lethal largely because it is found late. That is also why guidelines recommend against screening the general public — the evidence says it would do more harm than good.
Most skin cancers rarely kill; melanoma, about 1 percent of them, causes most of the deaths. There is no proven benefit from routine whole-body screening — which puts the focus on changing moles.
Two large randomised trials found low-dose CT screening cut lung-cancer deaths in heavy smokers. The eligibility rules are narrow, and the reason is written into the evidence.
A study of more than 72,000 women found simple ovarian cysts carried no higher cancer risk than normal ovaries, while complex or solid masses did. A large screening cohort found most cysts resolve on their own.
US guidance recommends mammography from 40. A Canadian review of the same randomised evidence put the benefit at 0.27 fewer breast cancer deaths per 1,000 women aged 40-49 over ten years.
That is the 23-year result from the largest randomised trial. A 2026 Cochrane review of 789,086 men rates the mortality benefit moderate-certainty and the harms largely unmeasured.
Integrated risk scores combine polygenic data with conventional risk factors. A readiness review lists what would have to exist first — and separately, 36% of older Australians had no skin check at all last year.
The EAGLE trial ran colonoscopy AI off-site over a network and aimed it at the lesions that matter. It reports a threefold gain in serrated lesions — in a field whose main US guideline recommends nothing.