What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
Both raise blood sugar, but for opposite reasons. Type 1 is an autoimmune loss of insulin; type 2 is the body resisting the insulin it makes. Type 2 accounts for 90 to 95 percent of cases.
For how we live.
Both raise blood sugar, but for opposite reasons. Type 1 is an autoimmune loss of insulin; type 2 is the body resisting the insulin it makes. Type 2 accounts for 90 to 95 percent of cases.
A short walk after eating blunts the post-meal blood-sugar spike. Trials in people with type 2 diabetes and in healthy adults agree, and light walking beats standing, which beats sitting still.
Danger lies at both ends. Below 70 mg/dL blood sugar is too low; sustained highs can tip into ketoacidosis above 200 mg/dL or a hyperosmolar crisis above 600. Both extremes are medical emergencies.
Oat drinks carry less saturated fat and no lactose, but far less protein than milk, and even unsweetened versions list free sugars. How they compare depends heavily on fortification.
Trials can show cinnamon nudging fasting glucose down, but the effect is inconsistent, leaves long-term control (HbA1c) untouched, and cheap cassia cinnamon carries a coumarin safety flag.
A banana is mostly sugar and starch, but it comes with fibre and potassium, and large cohort studies link whole fruit — bananas included — to slightly lower type 2 diabetes risk, not higher.
There is no single number. Normal depends on which test is used and whether you have fasted — and the cut-offs that define prediabetes and diabetes are lines drawn on a continuous scale.
The honest answer is that early type 2 diabetes usually has no signs you can feel. The classic symptoms arrive late, and damage can be under way years before the diagnosis is made.
Honey and table sugar are both free sugars with almost identical calories. Trials hint at small metabolic differences in honey's favour, but the certainty is low and honey is still added sugar to be limited.
Whole fruit and fruit juice behave oppositely for type 2 diabetes risk, and a trial that told newly diagnosed patients to eat less fruit found no benefit at all.
In QWINT-1, fixed-dose weekly efsitora cut HbA1c about as much as daily glargine in 795 insulin-naive adults — with a lower rate of significant hypoglycaemia and a quarter of the dose changes.