For how we live.
A scoping review found 36 studies on heat and health, only 13 with Gauteng data. Rather than wait for more, the authors borrowed designs from Victoria, Maharashtra and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Across 11 surveillance sites in sub-Saharan Africa, nighttime heatwave mortality risk rose between 2005-2010 and 2011-2015 — the opposite of the adaptation trend reported in wealthy countries.
A WHO and Brazil special report released on the summit's Health Day says extreme heat kills over 540,000 people a year and that health facilities face 41% higher weather-damage risk than in 1990.
The 2025 Lancet Countdown Latin America report tracks 41 indicators across 17 countries. Heat-related deaths are up 103%, and fewer than half the region's governments have finished a vulnerability assessment.
A 47-prefecture analysis of a decade of heatstroke mortality finds the alert level set at 33C misses almost all of the deaths a warning could plausibly prevent. About 31C would halve them.
A 50-year attribution study separates two trends that usually get modelled as one: rising temperatures and a population that has become less likely to die in them.